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幼儿英语早教----幼儿白血病

来源:Hellokid在线英语2020-05-11 19:44:34

幼儿英语早教----幼儿白血病

Leukaemia is a common malignant tumor in children (the first). It is a malignant proliferative disease caused by abnormal proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. It affects not only the bone marrow and the whole hematopoietic system, but also the other organs of the body. It is divided into acute lymphoblastic leukemia (acute) and acute non-gonoblastocytic leukemia (acute), and children with acute lymphocytic leukemia are more common.

Acute lymphocytic leukemia treatment effect is acute blame drenchs cell leukemia is good, the natural course of acute leukemia is shorter, but after treatment with active rules, lifetime can be significantly extended, foreign reports 65-70% of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia life more than five years, the domestic treatment by the rules, 60-70% of the patients can survive for a long time, reached the international level.

Clinical manifestations:

1. Irregular fever, progressive pale, weak, bleeding, with skin, gingival bleeding, nasal obstruction common.

2. Tissue infiltration: liver, sen, lymph node enlargement, can have bone joint, skin, parotid gland, mediastinal lymph node, nervous system, testicles and other organs infiltrates and appear corresponding symptoms.

Diagnostic basis:

1. Fever, anemia, bleeding, weakness.

2. Tissue infiltration: liver, sen, lymph node enlargement, can have bone joint, skin, parotid gland, mediastinal lymph node, nervous system, testicles and other organs infiltrates and appear corresponding symptoms.

3. Blood like: white blood cells can be increased, reduced or normal, hemoglobin or platelets are reduced.

Bone marrow is an aberrant expression.

Treatment princi:

General treatment: rest, support therapy, isolation.

2. Prevention and control of infection.

3. Blood transfusion or component transfusion.

4. Chemotherapy.

5. Immunotherapy.

6. The high - white blood cells should alkalize urine to prevent hyperuricemia.

Expert tips:

Acute leukemia is a malignant tumor of the blood system, one of the most common malignant tumors in children. The cause of the disease is not clear, but should avoid contact with benzene, nitrosamines, radiation and other harmful substances, such as chloramphenicol, butadipine and so on. If appearance is pale, skin, gum and nose bleed, febrile and bone, joint ache and so on symptom, should arrive hospital in time to check treatment, follow doctor's advice to carry out marrow examination.

Once the diagnosis has been confirmed, proper chemotherapy should be carried out, the nutrition should be paid attention to during chemo, strengthen support therapy, prevent infection, and the interval of chemotherapy will be regularly returned to the hospital. Patients who have reported poor treatment of the disease should undergo bone marrow transplantation or autograft hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which can keep the condition comtely and prolong the life.

幼儿英语早教----幼儿白血病
白血病为小儿常见的恶性肿瘤(占第一位)。是由于造血干细胞增殖分化异常而引起的恶性增殖性疾病,它不仅影响骨髓及整个造血系统,并浸入身体其他器官。临床上分为急性淋巴细胞性白血病(急淋)及急性非淋巴细胞性白血病(急非淋),小儿以急性淋巴细胞性白血病更为多见。
 
  急性淋巴细胞性白血病治疗效果较急性非淋巴细胞性白血病为好,急性白血病自然病程较短,但经积极规则治疗后,生存期可显著延长,国外报道65-70%的急性淋巴细胞性白血病患者生存期达5年以上,国内经规则治疗,60-70%的患者可以长期生存,达到国际水平。
 
  临床表现:
 
  1、不规则发热,进行性苍白、衰弱、出血,以皮肤、牙龈出血、鼻衄常见。
 
  2、组织浸润表现:肝、脾、淋巴结肿大,可有骨关节、皮肤、腮腺、纵隔淋巴结、神经系统、睾丸等器官浸润并出现相应症状。
 
  诊断依据:
 
  1、发热、贫血、出血、衰弱。
 
  2、组织浸润表现:肝、脾、淋巴结肿大,可有骨关节、皮肤、腮腺、纵隔淋巴结、神经系统、睾丸等器官浸润并出现相应症状。
 
  3、血像:白细胞可增多、减少或正常,血红蛋白或血小板下降。
 
  4、骨髓象异常表现。
 
  治疗原则:
 
  1、一般治疗:休息、支持疗法、隔离。
 
  2、防治感染。
 
  3、输血或成分输血。
 
  4、化疗。
 
  5、免疫治疗。
 
  6、白细胞极高者化疗时应碱化尿液,防止高尿酸血症。
 
  专家提示:
 
  急性白血病为血液系统的恶性肿瘤,是小儿常见的恶性肿瘤之一。本病病因未明,但应尽量避免接触苯、亚硝胺类物质、放射线等有害物质,慎用氯霉素、保泰松等药。如出现面色苍白,皮肤、牙龈及鼻子出血、发热及骨、关节痛等症状,应及时到医院检查治疗,听从医生劝告进行骨髓检查。
 
  一旦确诊后应进行正规化疗,化疗期间注意营养,加强支持疗法,预防感染,化疗间歇期定期到医院复诊。有报导治疗效果欠佳的重病人应进行骨髓移植,或自体外周血造血干细胞移植,可使病情持续完全缓解,生存期延长。
I hope all children will grow up healthily
希望所有的孩子都能健康成长
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